Understanding Paper Basics
Before we discuss paper options for specific art techniques, it’s important to understand the basic properties of paper. These include weight, texture, and substrate.
Paper Weight
Paper weight is measured in grams per square metre (gsm) or pounds (lb). It determines the thickness and durability of the paper:
- Lightweight Papers (80-225 gsm): Ideal for dry techniques like sketching and pencil work.
- Heavyweight Papers (300 gsm and above): Recommended for wet techniques, as they resist warping and can handle repeated erasing and material applications.
For wet mediums like watercolour or gouache, opt for paper weighing at least 300 gsm (140 lb).
Paper Texture
The texture of paper is defined by its grain, which can influence the overall look and feel of your artwork:
- Fine/Satin Grain: Smooth surfaces suitable for detailed and precise techniques, such as pencil or pen work.
- Coarse/Rough Grain: Textured surfaces ideal for relief effects or fragmented styles like charcoal or pastels.
Substrate Types
Substrates refer to the way paper is presented and include:
- Paper Pads: Pre-stretched and glued sheets for convenience and immediate use.
- Loose Sheets: Cost-effective options for larger projects.
Choosing the Right Paper for Watercolour and Gouache
Watercolour and gouache painting requires special paper to handle the medium’s fluidity. Here’s what you need to know:
Types of Watercolour Paper
- Hot-Pressed (Satin Grain): Smooth surface. Best for detailed work and pencil illustrations. Minimal texture for clean lines.
- Cold-Pressed (Fine Grain): Light texture. Versatile and beginner-friendly. Ideal for wet-on-wet techniques.
- Rough Paper: Highly textured. Excellent for landscapes and abstract pieces. Showcases the weave of the paper.
Composition
- 100% Cotton: High-quality and absorbent, suitable for professional use.
- Cellulose: Budget-friendly and less absorbent. Ideal for beginners.
- Mixed Compositions: Combine cotton and cellulose for a balance of quality and affordability, such as the DeSerres watercolour pad.
Recommended Weight
Always choose 300 gsm (140 lb) paper to prevent warping and ensure optimal absorption of water.
Pro Tip: Gouache can also be used on watercolour paper, making it a versatile choice for mixed techniques.
Choosing the Right Paper for Drawing
Different drawing mediums require specific paper textures and weights for the best results. Let’s explore your options:
Drawing Techniques
- Pencil and Graphite: Use smooth, fine-grain paper like Bristol. Allows for clean, precise lines and easy erasing.
- Charcoal: Opt for medium-grain paper. Provides enough texture for charcoal to adhere without smudging excessively.
- Ink and Pen: Smooth surfaces, like Bristol paper, ensure crisp, clean lines.
- Markers: Layout or mixed media paper prevents smudging and ensures ink doesn’t bleed.
Acid-Free Paper
For longevity, choose acid-free paper to preserve your sketches and prevent yellowing over time.
Choosing the Right Paper for Pastels
Pastels require paper with sufficient tooth to hold the pigment effectively.
Pastel Techniques
- Soft Pastels: Cork-grain paper is perfect for blurred effects and blending. Avoid fine detailing on rough surfaces.
- Oil Pastels: Use papers designed for oil painting for durability and longevity.
Colour Considerations
Pastels do not provide full coverage, so consider using coloured paper to enhance your final piece.
Choosing the Right Paper for Oil and Acrylic Painting
While canvas is the traditional choice for painting, paper is an excellent alternative for practice or smaller projects.
Acrylic Painting
Use thick, textured paper designed for acrylics. Watercolour paper can also be a good substitute for lighter acrylic work.
Oil Painting
Choose acid-free paper for durability. Medium-weight paper (approx. 260 gsm) is sufficient for impasto techniques. If the paper isn’t acid-free, apply gesso to both sides before use.
Mixed Media
For projects involving multiple techniques, mixed media paper with a weight of 160 gsm provides the right balance of texture and density.
Experimentation is Key
The best way to find your ideal paper is through testing. Don’t hesitate to try different types, weights, and textures to discover what works best for your style and technique. Remember, the right paper can make all the difference in your artistic journey.
Practical Exercises for Beginners
- Create a swatch chart for each medium on different paper types to compare results.
- Try blending techniques to see how the paper handles layering.
- Experiment with erasing and reapplying materials to test durability.
Explore Your Creativity with DeSerres
DeSerres offers a wide selection of high-quality art papers tailored for every technique and skill level. From watercolour to mixed media, you’ll find the perfect paper for your next masterpiece. Visit our paper and pads collection to start your artistic journey today!